(10-03-2018)Effects of a High-Protein/Low-Carbohydrate Diet versus a Standard Hypocaloric Diet on Weight and Cardiovascular Risk Factors: Role of a Ge

de Luis DA1, Aller R, Izaola O, Primo D, Urdiales S, Romero E.
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Abstract

BACKGROUND AND AIMS:

The common polymorphism rs9939609 of the fat mass- and obesity-associated gene (FTO) has been linked to obesity. Our aim was to investigate its role in weight loss after the administration of a high-protein/low-carbohydrate diet compared to a standard hypocaloric diet (1,000 kcal/day).

METHODS:

During 9 months, 195 patients were randomly allocated to a high-protein hypocaloric diet (HP diet) and a standard hypocaloric diet (S diet).

RESULTS:

With the HP diet, BMI (-1.9 ± 1.2 vs. -2.10 ± 1.8; p < 0.05), weight (-6.5 ± 2.1 vs. -10.1 ± 4.1 kg; p < 0.05), fat mass (-3.9 ± 3.2 vs. -6.0 ± 3.4 kg; p < 0.05) and waist circumference (-5.7 ± 5.0 vs. -9.9 ± 5.5 cm; p < 0.05) decreased in both genotype groups (TT vs. AT + AA). With the S diet, BMI (-0.9 ± 1.1 vs. -1.8 ± 1.2; p < 0.05), weight (-3.2 ± 3.0 vs. -9.1 ± 3.6 kg; p < 0.05), fat mass (-3.0 ± 3.1 vs. -5.2 ± 3.1 kg; p < 0.05) and waist circumference (-3.1 ± 4.0 vs. -8.1 ± 4.9 cm; p < 0.05) decreased in both genotype groups. With the HP diet and in both genotype groups, glucose, insulin levels, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), total cholesterol, triglycerides and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) decreased. With the S diet, total cholesterol and LDL decreased.

CONCLUSION:

Weight loss was better in A allele carriers than noncarriers, and metabolic improvement was better with the HP diet.

Source: J Nutrigenet Nutrigenomics. 2015;8(3):128-36. doi: 10.1159/000441142. Epub 2015 Oct 13.

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