(08-03-14) Modulation of renal injury in pcy mice by dietary fat containing n-3 fatty acids depends on the level and type of fat.

Sankaran D, Lu J, Bankovic-Calic N, Ogborn MR, Aukema HM.
Author information University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T 2N2,
Canada.
Abstract
Low-fat diets and diets containing n-3 fatty acids (FA) slow the progression
of renal injury in the male Han:Sprague-Dawley (SPRD)-cy rat model of
polycystic kidney disease. To determine whether these dietary fat effects are
similar in females and in another model of renal cystic disease, in this study
we used both male and female pcy mice to examine the effects of fat level and
type on disease progression. Adult pcy mice were fed 4, 10, or 20 g soybean
oil/100 g diet for 130 d in study 1. In study 2, weanling pcy mice were fed
high or low levels of fat rich in 18:2n-6 (corn oil, CO), 18:3n-3 (flaxseed
oil/CO 4:1 g/g, FO), or 22:6n-3 (algal oil/CO 4:1 g/g, DO) for 8 wk. In adult
pcy mice, low- compared with high-fat diets lowered kidney weights (2.4 +/- 0.2
vs. 3.1 +/- 0.2 g/100 g body weight, P = 0.006) and serum urea nitrogen (SUN)
(9.6 +/- 0.6 vs. 11.9 +/- 0.6 mmol/L, P = 0.009), whereas in young pcy mice it
reduced renal fibrosis volumes (0.44 +/- 0.04 vs. 0.62 +/- 0.04 mL/kg body
weight, P < 0.0001). FO feeding in young pcy mice mitigated the detrimental
effects of high fat on fibrosis while not altering kidney size, function, and
oxidative damage when compared with the CO-fed mice. In contrast, DO- compared
with CO-fed mice had higher kidney weights (2.64 +/- 0.07 vs. 2.24 +/- 0.08
g/100 g body weight, P = 0.005), SUN (9.4 +/- 0.57 vs. 7.0 +/- 0.62 mmol/L, P <
0.0001), and cyst volumes (7.9 +/- 0.28 vs. 6.2 +/- 0.30 mL/kg body weight, P <
0.0001) and similar levels of oxidative damage and fibrosis. The FA
compositions of the diets were reflected in the kidneys: 18:2n-6, 18:3n-3, and
22:6n-3 were the highest in the CO, FO, and DO diets, respectively. Dietary
effects on kidney disease progression were similar in males and females. A low-
fat diet slows progression of renal injury in male and female pcy mice,
consistent with findings in the male Han:SPRD-cy rat. Dietary fat type also
influenced renal injury, with flaxseed oil diets rich in 18:3n-3 slowing early
fibrosis progression compared with diets rich in 18:2n-6 or in 22:6n-3.


Source: Lipids. 2004 Mar;39(3):207-14.

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