(26-09-14) The Risk to Develop NIDDM Is Related to the Fatty Acid Composition of the Serum Cholesterol Esters

Bengt Vessby, Antti Aro, Einar Skarfors, Lars Berglund, Irma Salminen, and Hans Lithell

This investigation was undertaken to study whether the
risk to develop non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus
(NIDDM) among 50-year-old men during a 10-year follow-
up period was related to the fatty acid composition of
their serum cholesterol esters. There were highly significant
differences in the initial health survey between the
fatty acid composition in serum in subjects who remained
normoglycemic (w = 1,753) and in those who later developed
NIDDM (ji = 75). The main differences were that the
latter had higher proportions of saturated fatty acids and
palmitoleic acid (16:lw-7), a low proportion of linoleic
acid (18:2o>-6), and a relatively high content of 7-linolenic
(18:3co-6) and dihomo-7-linolenic (20:3c*>-6) acids in the
serum cholesterol esters. The picture was similar also
after adjusting for differences in body mass index. In a
logistic model, a high proportion of dihomo-7-linolenic
acid remained a significant contributor to the development
of diabetes, along with the height of the insulin
index, the blood glucose concentration at 60 min, and the
fasting insulin concentration. The increased risk to develop
NIDDM related to the serum cholesterol ester fatty
acid composition may be mediated by diet and/or genetic
factors.

Source: Diabetes 43:1353-1357,1994

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