(22-10-14) Effects of total dietary polyphenols on plasma nitric oxide and blood pressure in a highcardiovascular risk cohort

Effects of total dietary polyphenols on plasma nitric oxide and blood pressure in a highcardiovascular risk cohort. The PREDIMED randomized trial.
Medina-Remón A1, Tresserra-Rimbau A2, Pons A3, Tur JA3, Martorell M3, Ros E4, Buil-Cosiales P5, Sacanella E1, Covas MI6,Corella D7, Salas-Salvadó J8, Gómez-Gracia E9, Ruiz-Gutiérrez V10, Ortega-Calvo M11, García-Valdueza M12, Arós F13, Saez GT14,Serra-Majem L15, Pinto X16, Vinyoles E17, Estruch R1, Lamuela-Raventos RM18; PREDIMED Study Investigators.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM:
Hypertension is one of the main cardiovascular risk factors in the elderly. The aims of this work were to evaluate if a one-year intervention with two Mediterranean diets (Med-diet) could decrease blood pressure (BP) due to a high polyphenol consumption, and if the decrease in BP was mediated by plasma nitric oxide (NO) production.
METHODS AND RESULTS:
An intervention substudy of 200 participants at high cardiovascular risk was carried out within the PREDIMED trial. They were randomly assigned to a low-fat control diet or to two Med-diets, one supplemented with extra virgin olive oil (Med-EVOO) and the other with nuts (Med-nuts). Anthropometrics and clinical parameters were measured at baseline and after one year of intervention, as well as BP, plasma NO and total polyphenol excretion (TPE) in urine samples. Systolic and diastolic BP decreased significantly after a one-year dietary intervention with Med-EVOO and Med-nuts. These changes were associated with a significant increase in TPE and plasma NO. Additionally, a significant positive correlation was observed between changes in urinary TPE, a biomarker of TP intake, and in plasma NO (Beta = 4.84; 95% CI: 0.57-9.10).
CONCLUSIONS:
TPE in spot urine sample was positively correlated with plasma NO in Med-diets supplemented with either EVOO or nuts. The statistically significant increases in plasma NO were associated with a reduction in systolic and diastolic BP levels, adding to the growing evidence that polyphenols might protect the cardiovascular system by improving the endothelial function and enhancing endothelial synthesis of NO.

SOURCE: Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2014 Sep 19. pii: S0939-4753(14)00287-7. doi: 10.1016/j.numecd.2014.09.001. [Epub ahead of print]

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