(28-02-15) Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 (GLP-1) Response to Oral Glucose is Reduced in Pre-diabetes, Screen-detected Type 2 Diabetes

(28-02-15) Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 (GLP-1) Response to Oral Glucose is Reduced in Pre-diabetes, Screen-detected Type 2 Diabetes and Obesity, and Influenced by Sex: The ADDITION-PRO Study.
Færch K1, Torekov SS2, Vistisen D3, Johansen NB4, Witte DR5, Jonsson A6, Pedersen O6, Hansen T6, Lauritzen T5, Sandbæk A5, Holst JJ2, Jørgensen ME3.
Author information
1Steno Diabetes Center, Gentofte, Denmark; [email protected].
2NNF Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark;
3Steno Diabetes Center, Gentofte, Denmark;
4Steno Diabetes Center, Gentofte, Denmark; The Danish Diabetes Academy;
5Department of Public Health, Section for General Practice, Aarhus, Denmark.
6NNF Center for Basic Metabolic Research, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark;
Abstract
The role of glucose-stimulated release of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) in the development of obesity and type 2 diabetes is unclear. We assessed GLP-1 response to oral glucose in a large study population of lean and obese men and women with normal and impaired glucose regulation. Circulating concentrations of glucose, insulin and GLP-1 during an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) were analyzed in individuals with normal glucose tolerance (NGT, n=774), pre-diabetes (n=523) or screen-detected type 2 diabetes (n=163) who attended the Danish ADDITION-PRO study (n=1,462). Compared with individuals with NGT, women with pre-diabetes or type 2 diabetes had 25% lower GLP-1 response to an OGTT, and both men and women with pre-diabetes or type 2 diabetes had 16-21% lower 120-min GLP-1 concentrations independent of age and obesity. Obese and overweight individuals had 20% reduced GLP-1 response to oral glucose compared with normal weight individuals independent of glucose tolerance status. Higher GLP-1 responses were associated with better insulin sensitivity and beta cell function, higher age and lower degree of obesity. Our findings indicate that a reduction in GLP-1 response to oral glucose occurs prior to the development of type 2 diabetes and obesity, which can have consequences for early prevention strategies for diabetes.
© 2015 by the American Diabetes Association. Readers may use this article as long as the work is properly cited, the use is educational and not for profit, and the work is not altered.

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SOURCE: Diabetes. 2015 Feb 12. pii: db141751. [Epub ahead of print]

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