(06-03-15) The factors affecting adherence to a long-term interval walking training program in middle-aged and older people.

Masuki S1, Mori M1, Tabara Y2, Sakurai A3, Hashimoto S4, Morikawa M1, Miyagawa K1, Sumiyoshi E1, Miki T2, Higuchi K1, Nose H5.
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Abstract
No long-term exercise training regimen with high adherence and effectiveness in middle-aged and older people is broadly available in the field. We assessed the adherence to and effects of our long-term training program comprising an interval walking training (IWT) and an IT network system and the factors affecting adherence. Middle-aged and older men and women (n=696, aged 65±7(SD) years) underwent IWT. The subjects were instructed to repeat ≥5 sets of fast and slow walking for 3 min each at ≥70% and 40% peak aerobic capacity for walking (VO2peak), respectively, per day ≥4 days/wk for 22 months. Adherence was assessed as training days accomplished relative to the target of 4 days/wk over 22 months. The effects on the VO2peak and lifestyle-related disease score were evaluated every 6 months. The independent factors affecting adherence were assessed by multiple regression analysis after adjustment for baseline physical characteristics and other possible covariates including vasopressin V1a receptor polymorphisms. The adherence over 22 months averaged 70% and was highly correlated with a 13% reduction in the lifestyle-related disease score (R2=0.94, P=0.006) and with a 12% increase in VO2peak (R2=0.94, P=0.006). The major determinant of higher adherence was lower baseline body mass index (BMI) (P<0.0001) and male gender (P<0.0001). For men, in addition to BMI, nonsmokers (P=0.031) and V1a receptor polymorphisms (P=0.033) were independent determinants of higher adherence. Thus, the long-term IWT program is an effective regimen. Moreover, baseline BMI and gender for all subjects, and smoking and V1a receptor polymorphisms for men were associated with adherence.
Copyright © 2014, Journal of Applied Physiology.

SOURCE: J Appl Physiol (1985). 2014 Dec 24:jap.00819.2014. doi: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00819.2014. [Epub ahead of print]

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