(14-07-15) Multi-System Regeneration, Enhanced Cognitive Performance, and Healthspan.

Brandhorst S1, Choi IY1, Wei M1, Cheng CW1, Sedrakyan S2, Navarrete G1, Dubeau L3, Yap LP4, Park R4, Vinciguerra M5, Di Biase S1, Mirzaei H1, Mirisola MG6, Childress P7, Ji L8, Groshen S8, Penna F9, Odetti P10, Perin L2, Conti PS4, Ikeno Y11, Kennedy BK12, Cohen P1, Morgan TE1, Dorff TB13, Longo VD14.
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Abstract
Prolonged fasting (PF) promotes stress resistance, but its effects on longevity are poorly understood. We show that alternating PF and nutrient-rich medium extended yeast lifespan independently of established pro-longevity genes. In mice, 4 days of a diet that mimics fasting (FMD), developed to minimize the burden of PF, decreased the size of multiple organs/systems, an effect followed upon re-feeding by an elevated number of progenitor and stem cells and regeneration. Bi-monthly FMD cycles started at middle age extended longevity, lowered visceral fat, reduced cancer incidence and skin lesions, rejuvenated the immune system, and retarded bone mineral density loss. In old mice, FMD cycles promoted hippocampal neurogenesis, lowered IGF-1 levels and PKA activity, elevated NeuroD1, and improved cognitive performance. In a pilot clinical trial, three FMD cycles decreased risk factors/biomarkers for aging, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and cancer without major adverse effects, providing support for the use of FMDs to promote healthspan.

SOURCE: Cell Metab. 2015 Jun 17. pii: S1550-4131(15)00224-7. doi: 10.1016/j.cmet.2015.05.012. [Epub ahead of print]

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