(12-02-16) Development and validation of a method to estimate insulin sensitivity in patients with and without type 1 diabetes.

Duca LM1,2, Maahs DM1,2, Schauer IE3,4, Bergman BC3, Nadeau KJ5, Bjornstad P1, Rewers M1, Snell-Bergeon JK1,2.
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Abstract
CONTEXT:
People with type 1 diabetes (T1D) have markedly reduced insulin sensitivity (IS) compared to their non-diabetic counterparts and reduced IS is linked to higher cardiovascular risk.
OBJECTIVE:
This study aimed to develop and validate an improved method for estimating IS in people with T1D.
DESIGN:
Prospective cohort Setting: Adults (n=36 with T1D and n=41 non-diabetic) were recruited from the Coronary Artery Calcification in Type 1 Diabetes (CACTI) study for measurement of IS by hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp to develop a clinically useful IS prediction equation (eIS) for T1D and non-diabetic individuals. These equations were then compared with previously published equations from the SEARCH and Pittsburgh Epidemiology of Diabetes Complications studies for the ability to predict measured IS in test sets of adults and adolescents from independent clamp studies.
INTERVENTION:
None Main Outcome Measure: Comparison of clamp-measured IS to estimated IS.
RESULTS:
Best fit prediction model (eIS) differed by diabetes status and included waist circumference, triglycerides, adiponectin and diastolic blood pressure in all CACTI adults and insulin dose in adults with T1D (adjusted R2=0.64), or fasting glucose and HbA1c in non-diabetic adults (adjusted R2=0.63). The eIS highly correlated with clamp-measured IS in all of the non-CACTI comparison populations (r=0.83 p=0.0002 in T1D adults; r=0.71 p=0.01 in non-diabetic adults; r=0.44 p=0.008 in T1D adolescents; r=0.44 p=0.006 in non-diabetic adolescents).
CONCLUSIONS:
eIS performed better than previous equations for estimating IS in individuals with and without T1D. These equations could simplify point-of-care assessment of IS to identify patients who could benefit from targeted intervention.

Source: J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2015 Dec 16:jc20153272. [Epub ahead of print]

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