(29-11-2017) Systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials of the effects of low carbohydrate diets on cardiovascular risk factors

Authors

F. L. Santos,

Centro Hospitalar Vila Nova Gaia/Espinho, Gaia, Portugal
Search for more papers by this author
S. S. Esteves,

Centro Hospitalar do Porto, Porto, Portugal
Search for more papers by this author
A. da Costa Pereira,

Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
Search for more papers by this author
W. S. Yancy Jr,

Veteran Affairs Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
Search for more papers by this author
J. P. L. Nunes

Corresponding author
Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
Search for more papers by this author
First published: 20 August 2012Full publication history
DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-789X.2012.01021.x View/save citation
Cited by (CrossRef): 77 articles Check for updates
Citation tools
Set citation alert
Citing literature

Dr JPL Nunes, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto, Alameda Prof. Hernani Monteiro, 4200 Porto, Portugal. E-mail: [email protected]

Summary

A systematic review and meta-analysis were carried out to study the effects of low-carbohydrate diet (LCD) on weight loss and cardiovascular risk factors (search performed on PubMed, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and Scopus databases). A total of 23 reports, corresponding to 17 clinical investigations, were identified as meeting the pre-specified criteria. Meta-analysis carried out on data obtained in 1,141 obese patients, showed the LCD to be associated with significant decreases in body weight (−7.04 kg [95% CI −7.20/−6.88]), body mass index (−2.09 kg m−2[95% CI −2.15/−2.04]), abdominal circumference (−5.74 cm [95% CI −6.07/−5.41]), systolic blood pressure (−4.81 mm Hg [95% CI −5.33/−4.29]), diastolic blood pressure (−3.10 mm Hg [95% CI −3.45/−2.74]), plasma triglycerides (−29.71 mg dL−1[95% CI −31.99/−27.44]), fasting plasma glucose (−1.05 mg dL−1[95% CI −1.67/−0.44]), glycated haemoglobin (−0.21% [95% CI −0.24/−0.18]), plasma insulin (−2.24 micro IU mL−1[95% CI −2.65/−1.82]) and plasma C-reactive protein, as well as an increase in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (1.73 mg dL−1[95%CI 1.44/2.01]). Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and creatinine did not change significantly, whereas limited data exist concerning plasma uric acid.

LCD was shown to have favourable effects on body weight and major cardiovascular risk factors; however the effects on long-term health are unknown.

Source: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1467-789X.2012.01021.x/abstract

News

---

In evidenza

"L'informazione presente nel sito serve a migliorare, e non a sostituire, il rapporto medico-paziente."

Per coloro che hanno problemi di salute si consiglia di consultare sempre il proprio medico curante.