(21-07-07) Dietary fat and plasma total homocysteine concentrations in 2 adult age groups:

the Hordaland Homocysteine Study 1,2,3


Paula Berstad, Svetlana V Konstantinova, Helga Refsum, Eha Nurk, Stein Emil Vollset, Grethe S Tell, Per M Ueland, Christian A Drevon and Giske Ursin
1 From the Department of Nutrition, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Norway (PB, HR, EN, CAD, and GU); the Department of Public Health and Primary Health Care (SVK, SEV, and GST) and the Section for Pharmacology, Institute of Medicine (HR and PMU), University of Bergen, Norway; the Oxford Centre for Gene Function, Department of Physiology, Anatomy & Genetics, University of Oxford, United Kingdom (HR); and the Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA (GU)
Background: The intake of n?3 (formerly called omega-3) fatty acids (FAs) may be inversely associated with plasma total homocysteine (tHcy) concentrations, but the epidemiologic data are sparse.
Objective: We examined the association between dietary fat and tHcy in a Norwegian population.
Design: A cross-sectional, population-based study of 5917 subjects in 2 age groups (47?49 and 71?74 y old) was conducted with the use of food-frequency questionnaires and measurement of plasma tHcy concentrations.
Results: The intake of saturated FAs (SFAs) was positively and significantly (P for trend < 0.001) associated with tHcy concentrations; the difference in plasma tHcy concentrations between the highest and lowest quartiles of SFAs was 8.8%. The intake of marine very-long-chain n?3 FAs was inversely associated with tHcy concentrations; the difference in plasma tHcy concentrations between the lowest and the highest quartiles was ?5.0% (P for trend < 0.001). Intakes of total and monounsaturated fat also were positively associated with plasma tHcy concentrations (P for trend < 0.001 and < 0.005, respectively), whereas the intake of polyunsaturated fat was positively associated with tHcy concentrations only in the younger subjects (P for trend = 0.03). The associations were weakened by additional adjustment for B vitamin intake but remained significant for SFA intake (P < 0.001). When stratified for total B vitamin intake, the inverse association between tHcy concentrations and very-long-chain n?3 FAs was significant only in the highest quartile of B vitamin intake (P for trend = 0.001), regardless of supplement use.
Conclusions: High intakes of SFAs are associated with high plasma concentrations of tHcy. The inverse association between dietary intakes of very-long-chain n?3 FAs and plasma tHcy concentrations is apparent only at high B vitamin intakes.


FONTE: AJCN

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