(01-05-09) Birth Weight, Early Weight Gain, and Subsequent Risk of Type 1 Diabetes: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Harder T, Roepke K, Diller N, Stechling Y, Dudenhausen JW, Plagemann
A.

Previous studies suggest that birth weight and weight gain during the first year of life are related to later risk of type 1 diabetes. The authors
performed a systematic review and meta-analysis on these associations. Twelve studies involving 2,398,150 persons of whom 7,491 had type 1 diabetes provided odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals of type 1 diabetes associated with birth weight. Four studies provided data on weight and/or weight gain during
the first year of life. High birth weight (>4,000 g) was associated with
increased risk of type 1 diabetes (odds ratio = 1.17, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.09, 1.26). According to sensitivity analysis, this result was not influenced by particular study characteristics. The pooled confounder-adjusted estimate was 1.43 (95% CI: 1.11, 1.85). No heterogeneity was found (I(2) = 0%) and no publication bias. Low birth weight (<2,500 g) was associated with a nonsignificantly decreased risk of type 1 diabetes (odds ratio = 0.82, 95% CI: 0.54, 1.23). Each 1,000-g increase in birth weight was associated with a 7% increase in type 1 diabetes risk. In all studies, patients with type 1 diabetes
showed increased weight gain during the first year of life, compared with controls. This meta-analysis indicates that high birth weight and increased early weight gain are risk factors for type 1 diabetes.

Source: Am J Epidemiol. 2009 Apr 10.

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