(09-07-09) Association of serum n?6 and n?3 polyunsaturated fatty acids with lipids in 3 populations of middle-aged men1,2,3

Kenneth R Motoyama, J David Curb, Takashi Kadowaki, Aiman El-Saed, Robert D Abbott, Tomonori Okamura, Rhobert W Evans, Yasuyuki Nakamura, Kim Sutton-Tyrrell, Beatriz L Rodriquez, Aya Kadota, Daniel Edmundowicz, Bradley J Willcox, Jina Choo, Nakata Katsumi, Teruo Otake, Sayaka Kadowaki, Lewis H Kuller, Hirotusgu Ueshima and Akira Sekikawa

1 From the Department of Epidemiology, the University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA (KRM, AE-S, RWE, KS-T, DE, LHK, JC, NK, TO, and AS); the Pacific Health Research Institute, Honolulu, HI (JDC, BLR, BJW); Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan (TK, TO, AK, SK, and HU); Division of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA (RDA); Kyoto Women's University, Kyoto, Japan (YN); and Korea University College of Nursing, Seoul, South Korea (JC).
2 Supported by grant nos. R01-HL068200 and R01-HL071561 from the National Institutes of Health and grant nos. B 16790335 and A 13307016 from the Japanese Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology.
3 Address reprint requests to KR Motoyama, Department of Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh Graduate School of Public Health, 130 North Bellefield Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15261. E-mail: [email protected] . Address correspondence to A Sekikawa, Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, 130 North Bellefield Avenue, Suite 546, Pittsburgh, PA 15213. E-mail: [email protected] .
Background: The association of serum polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) with lipids in different populations is not known.
Objective: Our aim was to examine the association of serum n?6 (omega-6) or n?3 (omega-3) PUFAs with triglycerides or HDL-cholesterol concentrations in 261 white, 285 Japanese, and 212 Japanese American men aged 40?49 y.
Design: We used a population-based cross-sectional study. Of the original sample (n = 926), those taking lipid-lowering medications or who had diabetes (n = 168) were excluded. Serum fatty acids were analyzed by capillary gas-liquid chromatography. Multiple regression models as a function of tertile groups of each PUFA were used.
Results: Serum n?6 PUFAs were significantly inversely associated with triglycerides across populations after adjustment for age, body mass index, pack-years of smoking, and ethanol consumption [? = ?0.39 (P < 0.001), ?0.38 (P < 0.001), and ?0.33 (P < 0.001) in whites, Japanese, and Japanese Americans, respectively]. Marine n?3 PUFAs were significantly inversely associated with triglycerides across populations [? = ?0.15 (P < 0.001), ?0.22 (P < 0.001), and ?0.13 (P < 0.001) in whites, Japanese, and Japanese Americans, respectively]. n?6 PUFAs were significantly positively associated with HDL cholesterol in whites (? = 4.49, P < 0.001) and Japanese (? = 3.73, P < 0.01). Marine n?3 PUFAs were significantly positively associated with HDL cholesterol in Japanese (? = 2.15, P < 0.05), and eicosapentaenoic acid was significantly positively associated with HDL cholesterol in whites (? = 2.68, P < 0.01).
Conclusion: Serum n?6 and n?3 PUFAs are inversely associated with triglycerides across pulations.

Source: Am J Clin Nutr 90: 49-55, 2009

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