(24-06-10) Skeletal muscle lipid content and insulin sensitivity in black versus white obese adolescents: is there a race differential?

Lee S, Guerra N, Arslanian S.


Division of Weight Management and Wellness, Department of Pediatrics,
Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine,
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15201, USA. [email protected]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: We tested the hypothesis that skeletal muscle lipid content (SMLC)
is higher in obese black adolescents compared with their white peers and
assessed the relationship between SMLC and insulin sensitivity (IS). METHODS:
Subjects were healthy obese black (n = 42) and white (n = 38) adolescents.
Measurements included an oral glucose tolerance test, IS by a 3-h
hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp, abdominal adipose tissue (AT) by magnetic
resonance imaging and midthigh SMLC by computed tomography. RESULTS: All
measures of SMLC including intermuscular AT (IMAT), low-density muscle, and
thigh sc AT increased (P < 0.05) with increasing total adiposity independent of
race. For a given total body adiposity or thigh circumference, SMLC did not
differ between black and white adolescents; however, for a given visceral
adipose tissue, IMAT was higher in blacks. Consistent with prior observations,
IS did not differ between black and white obese adolescents despite lower
visceral fat in blacks. In whites, all markers of SMLC were associated (P <
0.05) with IS, whereas in blacks, only IMAT correlated (P < 0.05) with IS.
However, in both races, these relationships did not remain significant after
accounting for total fat (kilograms). CONCLUSIONS: SMLC is not different
between black and white obese adolescents who have similar total body adiposity
but lower visceral fat in blacks. The lack of association between IS and SMLC
after adjusting for total adiposity suggest that muscle fat does not make a
unique contribution to IS in this group of obese adolescents regardless of
race.

Source: J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2010 May;95(5):2426-32. Epub 2010 Mar 10.

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