(14-07-10) Adjunctive Treatment of Chronic Periodontitis with Daily Dietary Supplementation with Omega-3 Fatty Acids and Low-Dose Aspirin.

El-Sharkawy H, Aboelsaad N, Eliwa M, Darweesh M, Alshahat M, Kantarci A, Hasturk H, Van Dyke TE.
Department of Oral Medicine and Periodontology at the Faculty of Dentistry, Mansoura University, Egypt.
Abstract
Background: Host modulatory therapy has been proposed as a treatment for periodontal diseases. Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (omega-3-PUFAs), including docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), have demonstrated therapeutic anti-inflammatory and protective actions in inflammatory diseases including periodontitis. The goal of this study was to test an innovative strategy for periodontal treatment in a clinical experiment. Methods: Eighty (80) healthy subjects (40 each group) with advanced chronic periodontitis were enrolled in Mansoura, Egypt in a parallel design, double blind clinical study. Control group was treated with scaling and root planing (SRP) and placebo while omega-3 group received SRP followed by dietary supplementation of fish oil (900 mg EPA + DHA) and 81 mg aspirin daily. Saliva samples were obtained from all patients at baseline, 3, and 6 months for evaluation of receptor activator for NFkappaB ligand (RANKL) and matrix metalloproteinase-8 (MMP-8). Plaque and gingival indices, bleeding on probing, pocket depth and attachment level were recorded at the same time points. Results: Statistical analysis demonstrated significant reduction in pocket depth and significant attachment gain after 3 and 6 months in the omega-3 group compared to baseline and control group (P <0.05). Salivary RANKL and MMP-8 levels showed significant reductions in the omega-3 group in response to treatment at 3 and 6 months and compared to control at 6 months (P <0.01). Supplementation with omega-3 + aspirin resulted in a significant shift in the frequency of pockets less than 4 mm (P <0.05). Conclusion: The results of this preliminary clinical study suggest that dietary supplementation with omega-3 PUFAs and 81 mg aspirin may provide a sustainable, low cost intervention to augment periodontal therapy.

Source: J Periodontol. 2010 Jun 23

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