(28-09-10) Dietary intake of stearidonic acid?enriched soybean oil increases the omega-3 index:

Dietary intake of stearidonic acid?enriched soybean oil increases the omega-3 index: randomized, double-blind clinical study of efficacy and safety1,2,3

Shawna L Lemke, John L Vicini, Hong Su, Daniel A Goldstein, Margaret A Nemeth, Elaine S Krul and William S Harris
1 From the Monsanto Company, St Louis, MO (SLL, JLV, HS, DAG, and MAN); Solae LLC, St Louis, MO (ESK); and the Sanford School of Medicine, The University of South Dakota, Sioux Falls, SD (WSH).
2 Supported by Monsanto Co, St Louis, MO, and Solae Co, St Louis, MO.
3 Address reprint requests and correspondence to SL Lemke, Monsanto Company, Mail Zone C1NA, 800 North Lindbergh Boulevard, St Louis, MO 63167. E-mail: [email protected] .
Background: The benefits of omega-3 (n?3) long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids to heart health are well established. Stearidonic acid (SDA, 18:4n?3) may contribute to these benefits.
Objective: The objective was to evaluate the ability of SDA-containing soybean oil to increase the omega-3 index [erythrocyte eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) + docosahexaenoic acid, as a percentage of total fatty acids] and to affect other cardiovascular disease risk markers compared with EPA and regular soy oil (control).
Design: This was a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind multicenter study in which 252 overweight subjects were randomly assigned to 1 of 3 treatments for 12 wk: 1 g encapsulated soybean oil/d plus 14.7 g liquid soybean oil/d to be mixed in food (control group), 1 g encapsulated EPA/d plus 14.7 g liquid soybean oil/d (EPA group), and 1 g encapsulated soybean oil/d plus 14.7 g liquid SDA-enriched soybean oil/d, providing 4.2 g SDA (SDA group). Subjects consumed treatment oils in exchange for other oils in their diet.
Results: The mean (?SE) baseline omega-3 index was similar between treatments, but after 12 wk of treatment values for this index were 4.15 ? 0.12%, 4.84 ? 0.13%, and 4.69 ? 0.15% for control, EPA, and SDA groups, respectively. Values for the EPA and SDA groups were greater than those for control subjects in the intent-to-treat population (P < 0.001 and P = 0.006, respectively). No adverse treatment-related effects of SDA-enriched soybean oil were reported.
Conclusions: SDA-enriched soybean oil increased the omega-3 index by raising erythrocyte EPA concentrations. SDA-enriched soybean oil is a land-based n?3 fatty acid that is a sustainable approach to increasing tissue concentrations of long-chain polyunsaturated n?3 fatty acids.

Source: Am J Clin Nutr 92: 766-775, 2010.

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