(14-03-11) Effects of meals rich in either monounsaturated or saturated fat on lipid concentrations and on insulin secretion...

Effects of meals rich in either monounsaturated or saturated fat on lipid concentrations and on insulin secretionand action in subjects with high fasting triglyceride concentrations1,2,3,4
1. Sergio Lopez,
2. Beatriz Bermudez,
3. Almudena Ortega,
4. Lourdes M Varela,
5. Yolanda M Pacheco,
6. Jose Villar,
7. Rocio Abia, and
8. Francisco JG Muriana
+ Author Affiliations
1. 1From the Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Nutrition, Instituto de la Grasa (CSIC), Seville, Spain (SL, BB, AO, LMV, YMP, RA, and FJGM), and the Unidad Clinico-Experimental de Riesgo Vascular, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla/Hospitales Virgen del Rocio, Seville, Spain (JV).
? ↵2 SL, BB, AO, and LMV contributed equally to this work.
? ↵3 Supported by grants from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (MICINN) (AGL2004-04958, AGL2005-03722, and AGL2008-02811); from CSIC to LMV, BB, an YMP; and from MICINN to AO and SL.
? ↵4 Address correspondence to FJG Muriana, Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Nutrition, Instituto de la Grasa, CSIC, Avda Padre Garcia Tejero 4, 41012 Seville, Spain. E-mail: [email protected].
Abstract
Background: The nature of dietary fats and fasting concentrations of triglycerides affect postprandial hypertriglyceridemia and glucose homeostasis.
Objectives: The objectives were to examine the effects of meals enriched in monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) or saturated fatty acids (SFAs) on postprandial lipid, glucose, and insulin concentrations and to examine the extent of β cell function and insulin sensitivity in subjects with high fasting triglyceride concentrations.
Design: Fourteen men with fasting hypertriglyceridemia and normal glucose tolerance were given meals (≈10 kcal/kg body weight) containing MUFAs, SFAs, or no fat. Blood samples were collected at baseline and hourly over 8 h for analysis.
Results: The high-fat meals significantly increased postprandial concentrations of triglycerides, nonesterified fatty acids, and insulin and postprandial indexes of β cell function. However, postprandial indexes of insulin sensitivity decreased significantly. These effects were significantly attenuated with MUFAs relative to SFAs.
Conclusions: MUFAs postprandially buffered β cell hyperactivity and insulin intolerance relative to SFAs in subjects with high fasting triglyceride concentrations. These data suggest that, in contrast with SFAs, MUFA-based strategies may provide cardiovascular benefits to persons at risk by limiting lipid and insulin excursions and may contribute to optimal glycemic control after meal challenges.

Source: Am J Clin Nutr March 2011 vol. 93 no. 3 494-499

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