(21-03-11) Vitamin D Status, Adiposity, and Lipids in Black American and Caucasian Children.

Rajakumar K, de Las Heras J, Chen TC, Lee S, Holick MF, Arslanian SA.

Department of Pediatrics (K.R.), Division of General Academic Pediatrics,
University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15224;
Department of Pediatrics (J.d.l.H., S.L., S.A.A.), Division of Weight
Management and Wellness, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh,
Pennsylvania 15224; Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Metabolism, and
Diabetes Mellitus (S.A.A.), University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine,
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15224; Department of Pediatrics and Endocrinology and
Diabetes Research Group (J.d.l.H.), Cruces Hospital, 48903 Barakaldo, Vizcaya,
Spain; and Department of Medicine (T.C.C., M.F.H.), Boston University School of
Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts 02118.
Abstract
Objective: The aim of the study was to examine the relationship between
vitamin D status, total and abdominal adiposity, and lipids in black and white
children. Methods: Plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D], adiposity [body mass
index (BMI), percentage of total body fat, visceral adipose tissue (VAT), sc
adipose tissue (SAT)], and fasting lipids were assessed in healthy obese and
nonobese 8- to 18-yr-old black and white children. Results: We studied 237
children (mean ? sd age, 12.7 ? 2.2 yr; 47% black, 47% obese, and 43% male).
Mean 25(OH)D concentration for the entire cohort was 19.4 ? 7.4 ng/ml. The
majority of the children were vitamin D deficient [25(OH)D < 20 ng/ml; 73%
blacks, 40% whites]. Plasma 25(OH)D was associated inversely with BMI, BMI
percentile, percentage of total body fat, VAT, and SAT and positively with HDL
cholesterol in the entire cohort. VAT was higher in vitamin D-deficient whites,
and SAT was higher in vitamin D-deficient blacks compared with their respective
vitamin D-nondeficient counterparts. Race, season, pubertal status, and VAT
were independent significant predictors of 25(OH)D status. Conclusions: In
black and white youth examined together, lower levels of 25(OH)D are associated
with higher adiposity measures and lower HDL. Furthermore, vitamin D deficiency
is associated with higher VAT in whites and greater SAT in blacks. Besides
therapeutic interventions to correct the high rates of vitamin D deficiency in
youth, benefits of vitamin D optimization on adiposity measures and lipid
profile need to be explored.

Source: J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2011 Mar 2. [Epub ahead of print]

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