(04-03-12) Associations of processed meat and unprocessed red meat intake with incident diabetes: the Strong Heart Family Study

1,2,3,4
1. Amanda M Fretts,
2. Barbara V Howard,
3. Barbara McKnight,
4. Glen E Duncan,
5. Shirley AA Beresford,
6. Mihriye Mete,
7. Sigal Eilat-Adar,
8. Ying Zhang, and
9. David S Siscovick
+Author Affiliations
1. 1From the Department of Epidemiology (AMF, GED, SAAB, and DSS), the Department of Biostatistics (BM), and the Department of Medicine (DSS), University of Washington, Seattle, WA; the MedStar Health Research Institute, Washington, DC (BVH, MM, and SE-A); the Georgetown and Howard Universities Center for Translational Sciences, Washington, DC (BVH); Zinman College for Physical Education and Sports, Wingate Institute, Netanya, Israel (SE-A); and the Center for American Indian Health Research, University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, OK (YZ).
+Author Notes
? ↵2 The opinions expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Indian Health Service.
? ↵3 Supported by grant no. I-T32-HL07902 and cooperative agreement grants U01-HL41642,U01-HL41652, UL01-HL41654, U01-HL65520, and U01-HL65521 from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD.
? ↵4 Address correspondence to AM Fretts, University of Washington Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, 1730 Minor Avenue, Suite 1360, Seattle, WA 98101. E-mail: [email protected].
Abstract
Background: Fifty percent of American Indians (AIs) develop diabetes by age 55 y. Whether processed meat is associated with the risk of diabetes in AIs, a rural population with a high intake of processed meat (eg, canned meats in general, referred to as ?spam?) and a high rate of diabetes, is unknown.
Objective: We examined the associations of usual intake of processed meat with incident diabetes in AIs.
Design: This prospective cohort study included AI participants from the Strong Heart Family Study who were free of diabetes and cardiovascular disease at baseline and who participated in a 5-y follow-up examination (n = 2001). Dietary intake was ascertained by using a Block food-frequency questionnaire at baseline. Incident diabetes was defined on the basis of 2003 American Diabetes Association criteria. Generalized estimating equations were used to examine the associations of dietary intake with incident diabetes.
Results: We identified 243 incident cases of diabetes. In a comparison of upper and lower quartiles, intake of processed meat was associated with a higher risk of incident diabetes (OR: 1.63; 95% CI: 1.21, 2.63), after adjustment for potential confounders. The relation was particularly strong for spam (OR for the comparison of upper and lower quartiles: 2.06; 95% CI: 1.30, 3.27). Intake of unprocessed red meat was not associated with incident diabetes (OR for the comparison of upper and lower quartiles: 0.90; 95% CI: 0.59, 1.37).
Conclusion: The consumption of processed meat, such as spam, but not unprocessed red meat, was associated with higher risk of diabetes in AIs, a rural population at high risk of diabetes and with limited access to healthy foods.

Source: Am J Clin Nutr March 2012 vol. 95 no. 3 752-758

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