(19-03-12) Changes in Physical Fitness Predict Improvements in Modifiable Cardiovascular Risk Factors Independently of Body Weight Loss

Changes in Physical Fitness Predict Improvements in Modifiable Cardiovascular Risk Factors Independently of Body Weight Loss in Subjects With Type 2 Diabetes
Participating in the Italian Diabetes and Exercise Study (IDES).
Balducci S, Zanuso S, Cardelli P, Salvi L, Mazzitelli G, Bazuro A, Iacobini C,
Nicolucci A, Pugliese G; for the Italian Diabetes Exercise Study (IDES)
Investigators.
Source
Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, "La Sapienza" University, Rome,
Italy.
Abstract
OBJECTIVEPhysical fitness is inversely related to mortality in the general
population and in subjects with type 2 diabetes. Here, we present data
concerning the relationship between changes in physical fitness and modifiable
cardiovascular risk factors in subjects with type 2 diabetes from the Italian
Diabetes and Exercise Study.RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODSSedentary patients with
type 2 diabetes (n = 606) were enrolled in 22 outpatient diabetes clinics and
randomized to twice-a-week supervised aerobic and resistance training plus
exercise counseling versus counseling alone for 12 months. Baseline to end-of-
study changes in cardiorespiratory fitness, strength, and flexibility, as
assessed by Vo(2max) estimation, a 5-8 maximal repetition test, and a hip/trunk
flexibility test, respectively, were calculated in the whole cohort, and
multiple regression analyses were applied to assess the relationship with
cardiovascular risk factors.RESULTSChanges in Vo(2max), upper and lower body
strength, and flexibility were significantly associated with the variation in
the volume of physical activity, HbA(1c), BMI, waist circumference, high-
sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), coronary heart disease (CHD) risk
score, and inversely, HDL cholesterol. Changes in fitness predicted
improvements in HbA(1c), waist circumference, HDL cholesterol, hs-CRP, and CHD
risk score, independent of study arm, BMI, and in case of strength, also waist
circumference.CONCLUSIONSPhysical activity/exercise-induced increases in
fitness, particularly muscular, predict improvements in cardiovascular risk
factors in subjects with type 2 diabetes independently of weight loss, thus
indicating the need for targeting fitness in these individuals, particularly in
subjects who struggle to lose weight.


Source: Diabetes Care. 2012 Mar 7. [Epub ahead of print]

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