(28-03-12) Dietary flavonoid intakes and risk of type 2 diabetes in US men and women

1,2,3,4,5
1. Nicole M Wedick,
2. An Pan,
3. Aed??n Cassidy,
4. Eric B Rimm,
5. Laura Sampson,
6. Bernard Rosner,
7. Walter Willett,
8. Frank B Hu,
9. Qi Sun, and
10. Rob M van Dam
+Author Affiliations
1. 1From the Departments of Nutrition (NMW, AP, EBR, LS, WW, FBH, QS, and RMvD), Epidemiology (EBR, WW, and FBH), and Biostatistics (BR), Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA; Channing Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA (EBR, BR, WW, FBH, and QS); the Department of Nutrition, Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, United Kingdom (AC); and the Departments of Epidemiology and Public Health and Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore (RMvD).
+Author Notes
?? ↵2 NMW and AP contributed equally as first authors to this article.
?? ↵3 QS and RMvD are co?Clast authors.
?? ↵4 Supported by NIH grant CA55075, CA87969, CA50385, DK58845, and DK082486. QS was supported by a career development award (K99HL098459) from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute.
?? ↵5 Address correspondence to NM Wedick, Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, 665 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115. E-mail: [email protected].
Abstract
Background: Data from mechanistic studies support a beneficial effect of specific flavonoids on insulin sensitivity. However, few studies have evaluated the relation between intakes of different flavonoid subclasses and type 2 diabetes.
Objective: The objective was to evaluate whether dietary intakes of major flavonoid subclasses (ie, flavonols, flavones, flavanones, flavan-3-ols, and anthocyanins) are associated with the risk of type 2 diabetes in US adults.
Design: We followed up a total of 70,359 women in the Nurses?? Health Study (NHS; 1984?C2008), 89,201 women in the NHS II (1991?C2007), and 41,334 men in the Health Professionals Follow-Up Study (1986?C2006) who were free of diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and cancer at baseline.
Results: During 3,645,585 person-years of follow-up, we documented 12,611 incident cases of type 2 diabetes. Higher intakes of anthocyanins were significantly associated with a lower risk of type 2 diabetes (pooled HR for the 3 cohorts from a comparison of extreme quintiles: 0.85; 95% CI: 0.80, 0.91; P-trend < 0.001) after multivariate adjustment for age, BMI, and lifestyle and dietary factors. Consumption of anthocyanin-rich foods, particularly blueberries (pooled HR: 0.77 from a comparison of ??2 servings/wk with <1 serving/mo; 95% CI: 0.68, 0.87; P-trend < 0.001) and apples/pears (pooled HR: 0.77 from a comparison of ??5 servings/wk with <1 serving/mo; 95% CI: 0.65, 0.83; P-trend < 0.001), was also associated with a lower risk of type 2 diabetes. No significant associations were found for total flavonoid intake or other flavonoid subclasses.
Conclusion: A higher consumption of anthocyanins and anthocyanin-rich fruit was associated with a lower risk of type 2 diabetes.

Source:Am J Clin Nutr April 2012 vol. 95 no. 4 925-933

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