(04-06-12) Dietary Long-Chain PUFA Enhance Acute Repair of Ischemic-Injured Intestine of Suckling Pigs.

Jacobi SK, Moeser AJ, Corl BA, Harrell RJ, Blikslager AT, Odle J.
Source
Laboratory of Developmental Nutrition, Department of Animal Science, North
Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC.
Abstract
Infant formula companies have been fortifying formulas with long-chain PUFA
for 10 y. Long-chain PUFA are precursors of prostanoids, which stimulate
recovery of intestinal barrier function. Supplementation of milk with PUFA
increases the content of arachidonic acid (ARA) in enterocyte membranes;
however, the effect of this enrichment on intestinal repair is not known. The
objective of these experiments was to investigate the effect of supplemental
ARA on intestinal barrier repair in ischemic-injured porcine ileum. One-day-old
pigs (n = 24) were fed a milk-based formula for 10 d. Diets contained no PUFA
(0% ARA), 0.5% ARA, 5% ARA, or 5% EPA of total fatty acids. Following dietary
enrichment, ilea were subjected to in vivo ischemic injury by clamping the
local mesenteric blood supply for 45 min. Following the ischemic period,
control (nonischemic) and ischemic loops were mounted on Ussing chambers.
Transepithelial electrical resistance (TER) was measured over a 240-min
recovery period. Ischemic-injured ileum from piglets fed 5% ARA (61.0 ? 14%)
exhibited enhanced recovery compared with 0% ARA (16 ? 14) and 0.5% ARA (22.1 ?
14)-fed pigs. Additionally, ischemic-injured ileum from 5% EPA (51.3 ? 14)-fed
pigs had enhanced recovery compared with 0% ARA-fed pigs (P < 0.05). The
enhanced TER recovery response observed with ischemic-injured 5% ARA
supplementation was supported by a significant reduction in mucosal-to-serosal
flux of (3)H-mannitol and (14)C-inulin compared with all other ischemic-injured
dietary groups (P < 0.05). A histological evaluation of ischemic ilea from
piglets fed the 5% ARA showed reduced histological lesions after ischemia
compared with the other dietary groups (P < 0.05). These data demonstrate that
feeding elevated levels of long-chain PUFA enhances acute recovery of ischemic-
injured porcine ileum.

Source: J Nutr. 2012 May 23. [Epub ahead of print]

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