(30-06-12) Vitamin D intake is inversely related to risk of developing metabolic syndrome in African American and white men and women

Vitamin D intake is inversely related to risk of developing metabolic syndrome in African American and white men and women over 20 y: the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults study1,2,3

1. Grace J Fung,
2. Lyn M Steffen,
3. Xia Zhou,
4. Lisa Harnack,
5. Weihong Tang,
6. Pamela L Lutsey,
7. Catherine M Loria,
8. Jared P Reis, and
9. Linda V Van Horn
+ Author Affiliations
1. 1From the Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN (GJF, LMS, XZ, LH, WT, and PLL); the Division of Prevention and Population Sciences, National Heart Lung Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD (CML and JPR); and the Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL (LMVH).
+ Author Notes
? ↵2 The Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults Study was supported by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (contracts N01-HC-48047, N01-HC-48048, N01-HC-48049, N01-HC-48050, N01-HC-95095, and N01-HC-45134).
? ↵3 Address correspondence to LM Steffen, University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, 1300 South Second Street, Suite 300, Minneapolis, MN 55454. E-mail: [email protected].
Abstract
Background: Vitamin D intake may play a key role in the prevention of cardiovascular disease.
Objective: We evaluated associations of dietary and supplemental vitamin D intake with the 20-y incidence of metabolic syndrome.
Design: Data from 4727 black and white young men and women from the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults study were used to examine relations of dietary plus supplemental vitamin D intake with the incidence of metabolic syndrome (as defined by Adult Treatment Panel, third report, guidelines) and the prevalence of its components, including abdominal obesity, elevated blood pressure, and high glucose, low HDL, and high triglyceride concentrations.
Results: The intake of vitamin D from dietary and supplemental sources was inversely related to the 20-y cumulative prevalence of abdominal obesity (P = 0.05) and high glucose (P = 0.02) and low HDL (P = 0.004) concentrations after adjustment for age, sex, race, education, center, and energy intake. In comparison with the lowest intake quintile (quintile 1), HRs (95% CIs) of developing incident metabolic syndrome for quintiles 2?5 of vitamin D intake were 0.82 (0.67, 1.00), 0.84 (0.68, 1.03), 0.70 (0.56, 0.88), and 0.82 (95% CI: 0.65, 1.02), respectively (P-trend = 0.03) after adjustment for demographic and lifestyle factors.
Conclusions: In young adults, the dietary plus supplemental vitamin D intake was inversely related to the development of incident metabolic syndrome over 20 y of follow-up. These findings support the recommendations of the Dietary Guidelines for Americans to increase intakes of vitamin D?rich foods, such as milk and fish.

1. Source: Am J Clin Nutr July 2012 vol. 96 no. 1 24-29

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