(30-09-12) Plasma and dietary omega-3 fatty acids, fish intake, and heart failure risk in the Physicians' Health Study.

Wilk JB, Tsai MY, Hanson NQ, Gaziano JM, Djouss? L.
Source
Divisions of Aging and Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham
and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.
Abstract
BACKGROUND:
Data on the relation of plasma and dietary omega-3 (n-3) fatty acids (FAs)
with heart failure (HF) risk have been inconsistent.
OBJECTIVE:
We evaluated the relation of n-3 FAs with HF in US male physicians.
DESIGN:
We used nested case-control (n = 1572) and prospective cohort study designs (n
= 19,097). Plasma phospholipid n-3 FAs were measured by using gas
chromatography, and food-frequency questionnaires were used to assess dietary n-
3 FAs and fish intake. Incident HF was ascertained via annual follow-up
questionnaires and validated in a subsample.
RESULTS:
The mean age was 58.7 y at blood collection. In a multivariable model, plasma
α-linolenic acid (ALA) was associated with a lower risk of HF in a nonlinear
fashion (P-quadratic trend = 0.02), and the lowest OR was observed in quintile
4 (0.66; 95% CI: 0.47, 0.94). Plasma EPA and DHA were not associated with HF,
whereas plasma docosapentaenoic acid (DPA) showed a nonlinear inverse relation
with HF for quintile 2 (OR: 0.55; 95% CI: 0.39, 0.79). Dietary marine n-3 FAs
showed a trend toward a lower risk of HF in quintile 4 (HR: 0.81; 95% CI: 0.64,
1.02) and a nonlinear pattern across quintiles. Fish intake was associated with
a lower risk of HF, with RRs of ∼0.70 for all categories of fish consumption
greater than one serving per month.
CONCLUSIONS:
Our data are consistent with an inverse and nonlinear relation of plasma
phospholipid ALA and DPA, but not EPA or DHA, with HF risk. Fish consumption
greater than once per month was associated with a lower HF risk.

Source: Am J Clin Nutr. 2012 Sep 5. [Epub ahead of print]

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